Colour Measurement Practice: Coordinate Differences and a Supplied Metric

Colour Measurement Practice: Coordinate Differences and a Supplied Metric

Original quantitative learning practice in English. All 24 questions are included. Four supplied cases exercise six related calculation targets; they form one topic, not four separate tests. Every question includes the complete initial data. Use the stated model and retain intermediate precision. Choose one answer. Learning target: 20/24, not an official pass mark. This bank covers the calculation topic in its title; it is not a complete professional examination, design approval or operating instruction.
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Use a simplified three-coordinate colour exercise. The reference is (L=51, a=11, b=19); the sample is (L=55, a=16, b=19). Define squared distance D²=(ΔL)²+(Δa)²+(Δb)². The supplied acceptance rule is D² ≤ 18; no claim is made that this replaces an industry colour-difference standard or viewing test. Calculate the amount by which squared distance exceeds the supplied limit. Keep intermediate values unrounded; round the final result to four decimal places if necessary.